Category:Companies

Companies that develop BCI hardware or software.

Here are what the columns in this table mean:

• Noninvasive Hardware - Produces noninvasive mind reading hardware, like an eeg cap.
• Invasive Hardware - Produces invasive mind reading technology, like electrodes in the brain.
• End-user Software - Develops end-user applications for bci hardware.
• Development Platform - Develops tools for building end-user applications for bci hardware.
• Country - Country of origin.
• Year founded - year the company was founded.

class="wikitable sortable" style="margin:auto"

!Name !Noninvasive Hardware !Invasive Hardware !End-user Software !Development Platform !Country !Year Founded !Application Categories !BCI Categories !Neuroimaging Techniques !Neurostimulation Techniques |- |Neuralink |False |True |True |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |EBS |- |OpenBCI |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Kernel |True |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MEG, fNIRS | |- |Openwater |True |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS |tFUS |- |Paradromics |False |True |False |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |EBS |- |Synchron |False |True |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |iEEG | |- |EMOTIV |True |False |True |True |US |2011 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NextMind |True |False |False |True |FR |2017 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Blackrock Microsystems |False |True |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |iEEG |EBS |- |Neurable |True |False |False |False |US |2015 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BIOS Health |False |True |False |False |UK |2015 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |[[Electrocardiography |ECG]] |Microstimulation |- |Flow Neuroscience |True |False |True |False |SE |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Bitbrain |True |False |True |True |ES |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography |ECG/EKG]] | |- |Halo Neuroscience |True |False |True |False |US |2013 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |MindMaze |True |False |True |False |CH |2012 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography |ECG/EKG]] | |- |Neuroleap |False |False |False |False |IN |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuro Dive |True |False |True |False |RU |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurobotics |True |False |True |True |RU |2004 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Petal Technology |False |False |False |True |US |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |IDUN Technologies |True |False |False |False |CH |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Dreem |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cortex Labs |False |False |True |False |AU |2010 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroPace |False |True |True |False |US |1997 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |RNS |- |[[G.tec medical engineering GmbH |G.tec]] |True |False |True |True |AT |1999 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fNIRS | |- |Actipulse Neuroscience |True |False |True |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Advanced Brain Monitoring |True |False |True |False |US |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography |ECG]] | |- |Aleva Neurotherapeutics |False |True |False |False |CH |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |ANT Neuro |True |False |True |False |NL |1996 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electromyography |EMG]], MRI,MEG |TMS |- |Axorus |False |True |False |False |FR |2019 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Backyard Brains |True |False |True |False |US |2009 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography |ECG]], [[Electromyography |EMG]] |EMS |- |Bio-Signal Technologies |True |True |True |False |US |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |Microstimulation, Optogenetics |- |BioSemi |True |False |True |False |NL |1998 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brain Products GmbH |True |False |True |True |DE |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainAlive |False |False |False |False |IN |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainCo |True |False |True |True |US |2015 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainControl |False |False |False |False |IT |2010 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Braingineers |False |False |False |False |NL |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainMaster Technologies |True |False |True |False |US |1995 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainQ |True |False |False |False |IL |2016 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG, EMG, MEG |ELF-EMF |- |BrainSpec |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRS | |- |BrainTech |True |False |True |True |PL |2012 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Braingrade |False |True |False |False |DE |2017 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI | |DBS |- |Cadwell Industries |True |False |True |False |US |1979 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |CerboTech |True |False |True |False |IN |2012 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cerebtalk |True |False |True |False |CA |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Cognionics / CGX Systems |Cognionics]] |True |False |False |False |US |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cognixion |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cogwear |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Compumedics Limited |Compumedics]] |True |False |True |False |AU |1987 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, MEG | |- |Conscious Labs |True |False |False |False |FR |2015 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |CorTec |False |True |False |False |DE |2010 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Cortech Solutions |False |False |True |False |US |2001 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography |ECG]], [[Electromyography |EMG]], fMRI, fNIRS |TMS |- |Cortechs |False |False |True |False |IE |2013 |Clinical |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |CortiCare |True |False |True |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cortirio |True |False |False |False |UK |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |CREmedical |True |False |False |False |US |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |TFS |- |[[CYROZENLABZ |Cyrozenlabz]] |True |False |True |True |IN |2020 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Deep Brain Innovations |False |True |False |False |US |2012 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |DOT |True |False |True |False |CA |2017 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Drowzee |False |False |True |False |NO |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |EBNeuro |True |False |True |False |IT |1998 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electromyography |EMG]], [[Electrocardiography |ECG]] |TMS |- |EEGSmart |True |False |True |False |CN |2015 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |EEGSpectrum |True |False |True |False |US |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |EGI |True |False |True |False |US |1992 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG |TMS |- |ElectroCore |True |False |False |False |US |2005 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Elmiko |True |False |False |False |PL |1978 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electromyography |EMG]], [[FNIRS |NIRS]] |tDCS, TMS |- |[[ElMindA |elminda]] |True |False |True |False |IL |2006 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Emka |emka TECHNOLOGIES]] |True |True |True |False |FR |1991 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, iEEG | |- |EMOTAI |True |False |True |False |PT |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |eno |True |False |True |False |CA |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Ensodata |EnsoData]] |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Entertech |True |False |True |True |CN |2015 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Eos Neuroscience |False |True |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Optogenetics |- |Evercot |True |False |True |False |DE |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Evren Technologies |True |False |True |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Excellent Brain |False |False |True |False |IL |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Fisher Wallace |True |False |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tACS |- |Foc.us |True |False |False |False |UK |2012 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |tACS, tDCS |- |[[Functional Neuromodulation. |Functional Neuromodulation]] |False |True |False |False |CA |2010 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |FUS Instruments |True |False |False |False |CA |2009 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |FUS |- |Greentek |True |False |False |False |CN |2006 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Onward |True |True |True |False |NL |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |Healium |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Helius Medical Technologies |True |False |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |EMS |- |Holberg EEG |False |False |True |False |NO |2009 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Hoolest Performance Technologies |True |False |False |False |US |2017 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |[[HUMM Tech |humm]] |True |False |True |False |US |2017 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tACS |- |iBand+ |True |False |True |False |NL |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[IcoMetrix |icometrix]] |False |False |True |False |BE |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Imagilys |False |False |True |False |BE |2005 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI, fMRI | |- |Imeka |False |False |True |False |CA |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |iMotions |False |False |True |True |DK |2005 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Impulse Neiry |False |False |True |True |RU |2018 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[In-sight |In-sight Neuromarketing]] |False |False |False |False |PL |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Incereb |True |False |True |False |IE |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |InfraScan |True |False |False |False |US |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |NIRS | |- |InnoBrain |False |False |True |False |SE |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Innoria Kft. |Innoria]] |False |False |True |False |HU |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Inomed |True |False |True |False |DE |1991 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS, tDCS |- |Insai |True |False |True |False |DK |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, NIRS |TMS |- |Inscopix |False |True |True |False |US |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |Optogenetics | |- |InsighTec |True |False |False |False |IL |1999 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |MRI |tFUS |- |Inspire Medical Systems |False |True |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI |[[Electromyography |EMG]] |EMS |- |Intan technologies |True |False |True |True |US |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |EMS |- |IntraNerve |False |False |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |IST |True |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS, tFUS |- |Jali Medical |False |False |False |False |US |1991 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS, tDCS |- |Lifelines Neurodiagnostic Systems |True |False |True |False |US |2001 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Looxid Labs |True |False |True |False |KR |2015 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Koniku |False |True |False |False |US |2015 |Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Macrotellect |True |False |True |True |CN |2010 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Magstim |True |False |True |False |UK |1990 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Mainstay Medical |False |True |False |False |IE |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |MBrainTrain |True |False |True |False |RS |2012 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Medtronic |True |True |False |False |US |1949 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |DBS, PNS |- |MemoryMD |True |False |False |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Mentalab |True |False |False |True |DE |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Mentalytics |True |False |True |False |SE |2002 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Micro-Leads |False |True |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |Micromed |True |False |True |False |IT |1982 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |MicroProbes |True |True |False |False |US |1983 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, iEEG |DBS, Microstimulation |- |MicroTransponder |False |True |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |MindAffect |True |False |True |True |NL |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Mindful Scientific |True |False |False |False |CA |2009 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |MindMedia |True |False |True |False |NL |1992 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |MindMetriks |False |False |False |False |CO |2011 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Mindreach |True |False |True |False |PT |2016 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |MindReflector Technologies |False |False |True |False |US |2011 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |MindRove |True |False |True |True |HU |2016 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Modius Health |True |False |True |False |US |2013 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |MuArts |False |False |False |False |PT |2012 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |Muse |True |False |True |False |CA |2007 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |MyBrain Technologies |False |False |True |False |FR |2014 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Myndlift |False |False |True |False |IL |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |MyndPlay |True |False |True |False |UK |2011 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Myneurva |False |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Nalu Medical |False |True |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS, SCS |- |Naox Technologies |True |False |False |False |FR |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Natus Medical |True |False |True |False |US |1989 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Naxon Labs |False |False |True |False |UY |2019 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NBT Analytics |False |False |False |False |NL |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neeuro |True |False |True |False |SG |2013 |ClinicalI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Nervanix |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neural FLEX |True |False |True |False |CN |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuraLace Medical |True |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Neural Sense |False |False |False |False |ZA |2010 |Subjective Measurement |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, fNIRS | |- |NeuraLynx |False |True |True |True |US |1993 |ClinicalI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |Optogenetics, iEEG |Optogenetics |- |Neuraura |False |True |True |False |CA |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Neurensics |False |False |False |False |NL |2010 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI | |- |Neuro Device Group |True |True |False |False |PL |2008 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |VNS, tACS, tRNS |- |Neuro Management LLC |True |False |True |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |[[Neuro.plus |NeuroPlus]] |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurobit Systems |True |False |True |False |PL |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Neurocare |True |False |True |False |DE |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, NIRS |TMS, tDCS |- |NeuroCatch |False |False |True |False |CA |2016 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroChat |True |False |True |False |RU |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroCONCISE |True |False |True |False |IE |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuroelectrics |True |False |True |True |ES |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG |tACS, tDCS, tRNS |- |NeuroEM |True |False |False |False |US |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Neuroenhancement Lab |False |False |False |False |US |2017 |ClinicalI, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI |EBS |- |[[Neurofus |NeuroFUS]] |True |False |False |False |US |1994 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tFUS |- |NeuroGeneces |True |False |True |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurogress |False |False |True |False |CH |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroGrove |False |False |False |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI | |- |NEUROHM |False |False |False |False |PL |1997 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroInsight |False |False |False |False |AU |2005 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurolief |True |False |True |False |IL |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TENS |- |Neurolite |False |False |False |False |CH |2011 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, NIRS, TCD |TENS, TMS, tDCS |- |Neuroloom |False |True |False |False |UK |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |NeuroLutions |True |False |True |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroLux |False |True |True |False |US |2015 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Optogenetics |- |NeuroMaker |True |False |True |False |US |2020 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroMetrix |True |False |False |False |US |1996 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TENS |- |Neuromore |False |False |True |True |US |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Neuromorph Inc. |False |False |False |False |CA |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuromotion |True |False |True |False |NL |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, MEG, MRI |TMS |- |Neuronetics |True |False |True |False |US |2003 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |NeuronOff |False |True |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |Neurons Inc. |False |False |True |False |DK |2013 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuronTools |True |False |True |False |LT |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroParticle |False |True |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |MRI |DBS |- |Neurophet |False |False |True |False |KR |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Neuphony |True |False |True |True |IN |2020 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroPrex |True |False |False |False |US |2011 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |NeuroQore |False |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Neuros Medical |False |True |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Neuroscan |True |False |True |True |US |1985 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuroscout |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fMRI | |- |Neurosensum |False |False |False |False |ID |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroServo |True |False |True |False |CA |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuroset |False |False |False |False |UK |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI | |- |Neurosity |True |False |False |True |US |2018 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroSky |True |False |False |False |US |2004 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Neurosoft |True |False |True |False |RU |1992 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG |TMS |- |Neurospec |False |False |True |False |CH |2001 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MRI, fNIRS |EBS |- |Neurosphere UG |True |False |True |False |DE |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurostar |False |True |False |False |DE |2002 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |Neurosteer |True |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurostyle |True |False |False |False |SG |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG |CES |- |NeuroTech International |True |False |True |False |AU |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurotrend |True |False |False |False |SG |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurovalens |False |True |False |False |IE |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |CNS |- |Neuroverse |True |False |True |False |US |2012 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroVigil |True |False |True |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurovine |True |False |True |False |CA |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroVirtual |True |False |True |False |US |1969 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroWave |True |False |False |False |US |2003 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurowear |True |False |False |False |JP |2003 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuvana Life |True |False |True |False |US |2015 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Nexalin Technology |True |False |False |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tES |- |Nexstim |True |False |True |False |FI |2000 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |NexStem |True |False |True |True |US |2020 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Ni2o |False |True |True |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |DBS |- |Nia Therapeutics |False |True |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |Nihon Kohden |True |False |True |False |JP |1951 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Niraxx Light Therapeutics |True |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PBM |- |NIRx |True |False |True |False |US |2001 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS |- |NoMo Diagnostics |True |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Nordic Neurostim |True |False |False |False |DK |2013 |Clinical, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG |PNS |- |Novatech EEG |True |False |True |False |US |2000 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Nurio |True |False |True |False |US |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NURO |True |False |True |False |CA |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NYX |True |False |True |False |IL |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Nyxoah |False |True |False |False |BE |2009 |Clinical |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI | |HNS |- |OBELAB |True |False |True |False |KR |2013 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |OkazoLab |False |False |False |True |NL |2012 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Omicron T |True |False |True |False |IT |2002 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG |tDCS |- |Open Mind Neurotechnologies |False |False |False |False |FR |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Optios |False |False |False |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Orbityl Labs |True |False |True |False |CA |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |OT Bioelettronica |True |False |True |False |IT |2007 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |PainQx |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |PathMaker Neurosystems |True |False |False |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |Peak Achievement Training |False |False |True |False |US |2002 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Peak Neurosciences |False |False |False |False |IN |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Personal Neuro Devices |True |False |True |False |CA |2010 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Persyst |False |False |True |False |US |1987 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |PGV |True |False |False |False |JP |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Philips |True |False |True |False |NL |1891 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MRI, fNIRS | |- |Physip |False |False |True |False |FR |2002 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |PigPug |True |False |True |False |US |2018 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |PlatoScience |True |False |True |False |DK |2015 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Plux |True |False |True |True |PT |2007 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, fNIRS | |- |Potential X |True |False |True |False |US |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Promosapiens |False |False |False |False |HR |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |PuzzleBox |True |False |True |False |US |2004 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |QMENTA |False |False |True |True |US |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, MRI | |- |Qneuro |True |False |True |False |US |2011 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Quantum Thinkers |True |False |True |False |SE |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Quasar |True |False |True |False |US |1997 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, fNIRS | |- |Qubiotech |False |False |True |False |ES |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Qynapse |False |False |True |False |FR |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Ripple Neuro |True |True |False |True |US |2004 |ClinicalI, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI, [D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, iEEG |PNS, SCS, TENS, tES |- |Saluda Medical |False |True |False |False |AU |2013 |Clinical |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |Sands Research |True |False |False |False |US |2008 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |SceneRay |False |True |False |False |CN |1999 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |Sens.ai |True |False |True |False |CA |2018 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |SensArs |False |True |True |False |CH |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Sense Neuro Diagnostics |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MWT | |- |Senso Medical |True |True |False |False |IL |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG | |- |Setpoint Medical |False |True |True |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Sleepmed |True |False |False |False |US |1999 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Smart Ephys |False |True |True |False |DE |2018 |Clinical, Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |SmartCap |True |False |True |False |AU |2009 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |SNAP GmbH |True |False |True |True |DE |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |SOMNOmedics |True |False |False |False |DE |2000 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Sooma Medical |True |False |False |False |FI |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Soterix Medical |True |False |True |True |US |2008 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TENS, TMS, VNS, tDCS, tES, tSDCS |- |Spark |False |False |False |False |US |2016 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Spark Biomedical |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tAN |- |SpikeGadgets |False |True |True |True |US |2012 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |SPR Therapeutics |False |True |False |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Star Labs Bioscience |True |False |False |False |MY |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Starlab |True |False |False |False |ES |1996 |ClinicalI, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, MEG, NIRS, iEEG |TMS, tES |- |Stimwave Technologies |False |True |True |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS, SCS |- |Stroke Rehab |True |False |False |False |IL |2000 |Clinical |[D] Closed-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG |TENS |- |SuperSpecificDevices |True |False |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Synapse Biomedical |False |True |False |False |US |2002 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Synergia Medical |False |True |False |False |BE |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Synetiq |False |False |False |False |HU |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Syntermed |False |False |True |False |US |1999 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |PET | |- |System2 Neurotechnology |True |False |False |False |CA |2020 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fNIRS | |- |TCT |True |False |False |False |CN |2012 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Telemag Health |True |False |False |False |CA |2020 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |The Brain Driver |True |False |False |False |US |2015 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Thimus |True |False |Flase |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |ThoughtTechnology |True |False |True |False |CA |1975 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, NIRS | |- |Thync |False |False |False |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS, TENS, VNS |- |ThynkWare |True |False |True |True |US |2013 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |TI Solutions |True |False |False |False |CH |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tACS |- |TMSi |True |False |True |True |NL |2003 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |True Impact |False |False |False |False |CA |2012 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Truust Neuroimaging |False |False |True |False |US |2015 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MEG, PET, iEEG | |- |Tucker-Davis Technologies |True |True |True |True |US |1987 |ClinicalI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, Optogenetics, fMRI, iEEG |Microstimulation, Optogenetics |- |TuSion |False |False |True |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |UNEEG Medical |False |True |True |False |DK |2005 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |URGOnight |True |False |True |False |FR |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Vagustim |True |False |False |False |TR |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |VIBRAINT |True |False |True |False |CA |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Vielight |True |False |False |False |CA |2011 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PBM |- |Vital Neuro |True |False |True |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Viz.AI |False |False |True |False |US |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, MRI | |- |WAVi |True |False |True |False |US |2013 |ClinicalI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Wearable Sensing |True |False |True |True |US |2013 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Weinberg Medical Physics |True |True |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |YBrain |True |False |False |False |KR |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |tDCS |- |Yingchi |True |False |False |False |CN |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS, tDCS |- |Yneuro |False |False |True |False |FR |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Zentrela |True |False |True |False |CA |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Zeto |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |3Brain |False |True |True |False |CH |2011 |Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Ad-Tech Medical Instrument Corporation |False |True |False |False |US |1983 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |AddBrain Inc |False |False |True |False |CA |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Advanced Bionics |False |True |False |False |CH |1993 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Alpha Omega |False |True |True |True |IL |1993 |ClinicalI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |DBS |- |Alpha Trace |True |False |True |False |AT |1980 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |AMO Lab |True |False |True |False |KR |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG |VNS |- |Ampere Medical |True |False |True |False |CN |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |fNIRS |TMS, tES |- |ApexNeuro |False |False |False |False |US |2020 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Applied Neuroscience |False |False |True |False |US |2001 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |ArcheOptix |True |False |False |False |CA |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |NIRS | |- |Artinis Medical Systems |True |False |False |False |NL |2002 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |fNIRS |tES |- |Aspect Imaging |True |False |True |False |IL |2007 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Autonomic Technologies |False |True |False |False |US |2020 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Avalon AI |False |False |True |False |UK |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Axilum Robotics |True |False |True |False |FR |2011 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Axonics Modulation Technologies |False |True |False |False |US |2012 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |BCISim |False |False |True |False |US |2005 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Beacon Biosignals |False |False |True |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |BEE Medic |True |False |True |False |CH |2005 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, PIR | |- |Bellabee |True |False |True |False |US |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BESA |False |False |True |True |US |1995 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MRI | |- |BetterFly |False |False |True |False |IL |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Bionen Medical Devices |True |False |False |False |IT |1985 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |BIOTIC |False |False |False |False |CA |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, MEG, MRI, PET | |- |BITalino |True |False |True |True |PT |2007 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Blckb |True |False |False |False |SI |2013 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Blink Device Company |True |False |False |False |US |2006 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |Blino |True |False |False |True |UK |2017 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BlueBCI |True |False |True |True |CN |2018 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Blueberry |True |False |True |True |CA |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |Boston Scientific |False |True |False |False |US |1979 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS, SCS |- |Brain Fingerprinting Laboratories |False |False |False |False |US |2002 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainfingers |True |False |True |False |US |1996 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |BrainMachine |True |False |True |False |UK |2005 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brain Science Tools |True |False |False |False |NL |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG |TMS |- |Brain Innovation B.V. |False |False |True |False |NL |2000 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MEG, fMRI |TMS |- |Brain Vision LLC |True |False |True |False |US |2005 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS, tACS, tDCS |- |BrainAttach |True |False |True |False |PL |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainbit Inc. |True |False |True |True |US |2012 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainboost Neurofeedack |False |False |True |False |DE |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainbox |True |False |False |False |UK |2010 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS, tES, tFUS |- |BrainCapture |True |False |True |False |DK |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainkey |False |False |True |False |US |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |BrainPaint |True |False |True |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainPatch |False |False |True |False |UK |2018 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |tES |- |BrainRobotics |True |False |True |False |US |2015 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |BrainScope |True |False |False |False |US |1990 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainsights |False |False |False |False |CA |2013 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainSigns |False |False |False |False |IT |2010 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainsView |False |False |False |False |CA |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainsWay |True |False |False |False |IL |2003 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |BrainTrends |True |False |False |True |IT |2009 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG |TMS, tACS, tDCS |- |Braintronics |True |False |True |False |NL |1963 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainUp |True |False |True |False |CN |2018 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brainvivo |False |False |True |True |IL |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |BrainWorks |False |False |False |False |UK |2006 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Brane Interface |True |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MEG | |- |Brink Bionics |True |False |True |False |CA |2018 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |Buyer Brain |False |False |False |False |UK |2012 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cadence Neuroscience |False |True |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |EBS |- |Cala Health |True |False |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Cambridge NeuroTech |False |True |False |False |UK |2013 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Optogenetics |- |Caputron |True |False |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |CES, TENS, TMS, tACS, tDCS, tES, tRNS |- |Cerebra |True |False |False |False |CA |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cefaly |True |False |False |False |BE |2004 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TNS |- |CerebraCell |False |True |False |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |Cerebriu |False |False |True |False |DK |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Ceribell |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Circadian Therapeutics |True |False |False |False |UK |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cirtec Medical |False |True |False |False |US |2009 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS, PNS, SCS, VNS |- |Clinical Science Systems |True |False |True |False |NL |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cognision |True |False |False |False |US |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |CoolTool |False |False |True |False |US |2010 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cortical Labs |False |True |False |False |AU |2019 |Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Cortivision |True |False |True |False |PL |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |Cumulus Neuroscience |True |False |True |False |UK |2015 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |DEYMED Diagnostic |True |False |True |False |CZ |1998 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS |- |Divergence Neuro |False |False |True |False |CA |2020 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |DSP Wireless |True |False |True |False |US |2011 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, iEEG | |- |Durham Systems Management |True |False |True |False |UK |2002 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |EEG Info |True |False |False |False |US |2002 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |ElectroStim |False |False |False |False |RO |2003 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG |EMS |- |EMS Biomedical |True |False |True |False |AT |1986 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |EBS, EMS, TENS |- |Epineuron Technologies |False |True |False |False |CA |2017 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Eyetronic |True |False |False |False |DE |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tACS |- |Galvani Bioelectronics |False |True |False |False |UK |2016 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |HiNT |True |False |True |False |CA |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Imaginostics |False |False |True |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |IMEXCO |True |False |True |False |IL |1985 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG | |- |Infinite Biomedical Technologies |True |False |True |False |US |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |Intheon |False |False |True |True |US |2015 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |MaxWell Biosystems |False |True |True |False |CH |2016 |Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Mind Care and Management Associates |False |False |False |False |IN |2014 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, NIRS |PBM |- |Medipace |False |True |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SNS |- |Mindfield Biosystems |True |False |True |False |DE |2003 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeU |True |False |False |False |JP |2017 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |NIRS | |- |Neuractive |True |False |True |False |UK |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuralcubes |False |False |True |False |UK |2015 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BIOPAC Systems |True |False |True |False |US |1985 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, MRI, fNIRS |PNS, TMS, VNS, tACS, tDCS, tES |- |Brain Scientific |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cereset |False |False |False |False |US |2003 |Clinical |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Gowerlabs |True |False |False |False |UK |2013 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |NeuroField |True |False |True |False |US |2008 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |tACS, tDCS |- |NeuroClear |False |True |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ENG |Microstimulation |- |NeuroM |False |False |False |False |SI |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuromatters |False |False |True |False |US |2004 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroNexus |False |True |True |False |US |2004 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation, Optogenetics, PNS |- |[[NeuroOptimal |NeurOptimal]] |True |False |True |False |CA |2008 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurotype |False |False |True |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Open Ephys |False |True |True |False |PT |2016 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Pocket Neurobics |True |False |True |False |AU |2000 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, NIRS | |- |Psychology Software Tools |True |False |True |False |US |1987 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI | |- |Rogue Research |True |False |True |False |CA |2000 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |fNIRS |TMS |- |Fujifilm Healthcare |True |False |True |False |JP |1934 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Imec |False |True |False |False |BE |1982 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Plexon |False |True |True |True |US |1983 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |Optogenetics, iEEG |Microstimulation, Optogenetics |- |ScienceBeam |True |True |True |True |CN |1999 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, fNIRS, iEEG |CES, TMS, tDCS, tES |- |Scignals |True |False |True |False |ES |2016 |Clinical, RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Seenel Imaging |True |False |False |False |FR |2018 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fNIRS | |- |Soft-dynamics |True |False |True |False |DE |2007 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |TechEn |True |False |True |False |US |1983 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |Evoke Neuroscience |False |False |True |False |US |2009 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroSigma |True |False |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TNS |- |INBRAIN Neuroelectronics |False |True |False |False |ES |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Arctop |True |False |True |True |US |2016 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, Neuos | |- |Neural Dynamics Technologies |False |True |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |BCI+ |True |False |True |True |DE |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |EnteroWave |False |True |False |False |US |2013 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Highland Instruments |True |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ESStim |- |NeuraMatrix |False |True |False |False |CN |2019 |Clinical, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |HackerBCI |True |False |False |False |DE |2021 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Rune Labs |False |False |True |True |US |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |[[Electrocardiography |ECG]], iEEG |DBS |- |Bionic France |False |False |False |False |FR |1992 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fNIRS | |- |MiSynth |False |False |True |False |US |2020 |RC/UI |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Lifetech |False |False |False |False |KR |1987 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, NIRS | |- |Medial |False |False |False |False |HR |1992 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electrocardiography, MRI |ECG]], EMG | |- |Aerobe |False |False |False |False |SG |1996 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MRI, fMRI |TMS, TPS, tDCS |- |Medistar |False |False |False |False |SI |1994 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Bionic Ibérica |False |False |False |False |ES |1983 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG | |- |Metaviz |False |False |True |True |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Clinilab Oy |False |False |False |False |FI |1987 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, fMRI |TMS |- |C&P International |False |False |False |False |AE |2013 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS, tACS, tDCS |- |Brain Products Asia |False |False |False |False |SG |2020 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |FreerLogic |True |False |True |False |US |2004 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |NBM | |- |Inter |False |False |False |False |TR |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS |- |MES Research Systems |False |False |False |False |DE |1982 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, fMRI, fNIRS |TMS |- |Mindseye Biomedical |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |BIS, EIT | |- |NordicNeuroLab |True |False |True |False |NO |2001 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fMRI | |- |Olimex |True |False |False |True |BG |1991 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |NeuroIDSS |True |False |True |False |RU |2013 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MEG, NIRS, PET, fMRI |tACS |- |Physiotech |False |False |False |False |JP |1980 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MRI, NIRS, iEEG |Microstimulation, TMS |- |Shenzhen Hanix United |False |False |False |False |CN |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, [[Electromyography, fNIRS |EMG]] |TMS, tDCS |- |Ochs Labs |True |False |True |False |US |1980 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |TES |- |Localite |True |False |False |False |DE |1999 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG |TMS |- |NeuroScience & TMS Treatment Centers |False |False |False |False |US |2011 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS, VNS |- |Symbiotic Devices |False |False |False |False |AU |2011 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, MEG, NIRS, fMRI |TMS, tACS, tDCS |- |Upside Down Labs |True |False |True |False |IN |2021 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |BioSig Technologies |True |True |False |False |US |2009 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, ENG |Microstimulation |- |Bay Psychiatric Associates |False |False |False |False |US |1994 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ECT, TMS |- |Syneika |True |False |True |False |FR |2009 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Texas TMS Center |False |False |False |False |US |2009 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |TMS Center of Colorado |False |False |False |False |US |2009 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Electro-Cap International |True |False |False |False |US |1998 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |DWL USA |True |False |True |False |US |1992 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |TCD | |- |Atys Medical |True |False |True |False |FR |1985 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |TCD | |- |MagVenture |True |False |False |False |DK |1992 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |STORZ MEDICAL |True |False |True |False |CH |1987 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TPS |- |Mangold International |False |False |True |False |DE |1991 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Cerebralx |True |False |True |False |IN |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Brain Resource Center |False |False |False |False |US |2004 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Scientifica |False |True |True |False |UK |1997 |Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation, Optogenetics |- |Nevro Corp |False |True |True |False |US |2006 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |SCS |- |NextSense |True |False |True |False |US |2020 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |World Precision Instruments |False |True |False |False |US |1967 |RC/UI, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Ives EEG Solutions |True |False |False |False |US |1995 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |X-trodes |True |False |True |False |IL |2019 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, [[Electromyography |EMG]] | |- |SEGOTIA |False |False |True |False |IE |2017 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |MemoryStim |True |False |False |False |US |2020 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |EBS |- |Neurosoft Bioelectronics |False |True |False |False |CH |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Neuroassistive Technologies |True |False |False |False |RU |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Iris Biomedical |False |True |True |True |US |2020 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG, iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Medevolve |False |False |False |False |UK |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, TCD | |- |Zander Labs |False |False |True |False |NL |2016 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |AE Studio |False |False |True |False |US |2016 |RC/UI, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Biofeedback Tech |False |False |False |False |UK |2018 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, NIRS | |- |EEG Store |False |False |False |False |US |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |CogXRLabs |False |False |True |False |IN |2022 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |IASIS Technologies International |True |False |False |False |US |2013 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |tES |- |Mended Minds |False |False |False |False |US |2017 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |tES |- |AnalyzeDirect |False |False |True |False |US |1999 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |CT, MRI, PET | |- |SecondWave Systems |True |False |False |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |LiFU |- |Anew Era TMS & Psychiatry |False |False |False |False |US |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Technomed |True |False |False |False |NL |1980 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |Neurosign |False |True |False |False |UK |1990 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG |PNS |- |MEGIN |True |False |False |False |FI |2017 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MEG | |- |Welcony |True |True |True |False |UK |2005 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |PNS, TMS |- |NeuroGrow |False |False |False |False |US |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Opto Biolabs |True |False |False |False |DE |2019 |Wetwear Computing |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Optogenetics |- |Cortex Machina |True |False |True |True |BE |2021 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |MAG & More |True |False |True |True |DE |2002 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI | |TMS |- |Jaltron |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |MRI |TMS |- |Delsys |True |False |True |True |US |1993 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |Newronika |False |True |False |False |IT |2008 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |DBS |- |Newdoon |False |True |False |False |CN |2014 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Optogenetics |- |Zendo Meditation |True |False |True |False |US |2020 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Sonic Concepts |True |False |True |False |US |1986 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tFUS |- |Elemind |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Braincredible |False |False |False |False |CH |2021 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroBright |True |False |True |False |UK |2019 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |StimScience |True |False |True |False |US |2017 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tES |- |Vistim Labs |False |False |True |False |US |2021 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Bromedicon |False |False |False |False |US |1985 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |OptogeniX |False |True |False |False |IT |2014 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Optogenetics |- |Aladdin |True |False |True |False |US |2016 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |tACS |- |Cortex Brainwave Technologies |True |False |True |False |AU |2017 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |HypnoDyne Corp |True |False |True |False |US |2012 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Inner Cosmos |False |True |False |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |Microstimulation |- |3Dneuro |False |True |False |False |NL |2017 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Afferent Technologies |False |True |False |False |ES |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EMG |PNS |- |[[Alpha One |Alpha.One]] |False |False |True |False |NL |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, fMRI | |- |Bioinduction |False |True |False |False |UK |2002 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |DBS |- |Brain Image Analysis |False |False |True |False |US |2010 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Cerora |True |False |True |False |US |2011 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |CorticoMetrics |False |False |True |False |US |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |FocusCalm |True |False |True |True |US |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Human Waves |False |False |False |False |BE |2012 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG | |- |London Cognition |False |False |False |False |UK |2016 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TMS |- |Mendi |True |False |True |False |SE |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |fNIRS | |- |Realeve |False |True |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PNS |- |Narbis |True |False |True |False |US |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neuro42 |True |False |True |False |US |2020 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |Neurogen Brain Balancing |False |False |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |tES |- |NeuroMyst |True |False |False |False |US |2019 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tACS, tDCS |- |Parasym |True |False |False |False |UK |2015 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |VNS |- |Peak Brain Institute |False |False |False |False |US |2015 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Pixium Vision |False |True |False |False |FR |2011 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ONS |- |RPW Technology |True |False |False |False |US |2018 |Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |tDCS |- |Second Sight |False |True |False |False |US |2007 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ONS |- |Sleep Shepherd |True |False |False |False |US |2014 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Synaptive Medical |True |False |True |False |CA |2012 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |sync2brain |True |False |True |False |DE |2019 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |EEG |TMS |- |TSE Systems |False |True |False |False |US |1886 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, EOG |Optogenetics |- |Zynex |True |False |False |False |US |1996 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TENS |- |ATLAS Neuroengineering |False |True |False |False |BE |2012 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Cerca Magnetics |True |False |False |False |UK |2007 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MEG | |- |Chipiron |True |False |False |False |FR |2020 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |iMediSync |True |False |True |False |KR |2013 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |NeuroPin |False |False |True |False |FR |2022 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI | |- |NPI Electronic |False |True |True |False |DE |1989 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, LFP |Optogenetics |- |Omniscient Neurotechnology |False |False |True |False |AU |2019 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MRI, fMRI | |- |Maaind |False |False |True |False |UK |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Diagnostic Biochips |False |True |True |False |US |2012 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Reach Neuro |False |True |False |False |US |2021 |Clinical |[E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |SCS |- |Science |False |True |False |False |US |2021 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ONS, Optogenetics |- |Vivani |False |True |False |False |US |1998 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |ONS, PNS |- |Neuvotion |True |False |True |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |TENS |- |Grapheton |False |True |False |False |US |2018 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Iconeus |True |False |True |False |FR |2016 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fUS | |- |Bittium |True |False |True |False |FI |1985 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG | |- |Brainamics |False |False |True |False |DE |2022 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |BrainSightAI |False |False |True |False |IN |2019 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |fMRI | |- |Cephalon |False |False |False |False |DK |1997 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, NIRS, fMRI |TMS |- |Digitimer |True |True |True |False |UK |1972 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation, Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, LFP |TMS, tES |- |Earable |True |False |True |False |US |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, EOG | |- |FluxWear |True |False |False |False |US |2019 |Clinical |[B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI | |PEMF |- |BiSigma |True |False |True |False |DE |2019 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |ECG, EEG, EMG, NIRS | |- |Kandel Medical |False |False |False |False |BR |2014 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG, TCD |TMS, tDCS |- |Gtmedi |False |False |False |False |CN |2015 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS, tDCS |- |MAG4Health |True |False |False |False |FR |2021 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |MEG | |- |Harvard Bioscience |False |True |True |False |US |1901 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |MINDIG |False |False |True |False |FR |2021 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Neurotecnologias |False |False |False |False |US |2006 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG, EMG, MEG, iEEG |Microstimulation, TPS, tDCS |- |NeuroXess |False |True |True |False |CN |2021 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |iEEG |Microstimulation |- |Easycap |True |False |True |True |DE |1997 |Clinical, RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Multi Channel Systems |False |True |True |False |DE |1996 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |HEKA Elektronik |False |True |True |False |DE |1997 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Peak Potential Personal Development |False |False |False |False |US |2020 |Clinical |[C] Closed-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Perception Research Systems |False |False |True |False |US |2013 |Subjective Measurement, Motor-Sensory Augmentation, Wetwear Computing |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS |- |Warner Instruments |False |True |True |False |US |1988 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI, [E] Bidirectional Afferent Closed-Loop BCI |LFP |Microstimulation |- |Brain.space |True |False |True |False |IL |2018 |Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EEG | |- |Chroma NV |False |False |False |False |IN |2021 |Clinical |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI, [B] Open-Loop Afferent BCI |EEG, EMG |TMS, tDCS |- |Wearable Devices |True |False |True |False |IL |2014 |RC/UI, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |EMG | |- |Analogic |True |False |False |False |US |1967 |Clinical, Subjective Measurement |[A] Open-Loop Efferent BCI |CT, MRI |